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| LETTER TO THE EDITOR |
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| Year : 2015 | Volume
: 17
| Issue : 1 | Page : 58-59 |
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Pan resistant Acinetobacter baumanii in a tertiary care hospital
Sreekanth Basireddy, Salmaan Ali, Manisha Singh, Vasanti Kabra
Department of Microbiology, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
| Date of Web Publication | 16-Jun-2015 |
Correspondence Address:
Vasanti Kabra
Department of Microbiology, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0972-1282.158813
How to cite this article:
Basireddy S, Ali S, Singh M, Kabra V. Pan resistant Acinetobacter baumanii in a tertiary care hospital. J Acad Clin Microbiol 2015;17:58-9 |
Sir,
The emergence of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumanii is a growing threat in any hospital. Resistance to carbapenems is increasingly reported, hence, Tigecycline and Colistin are the only available alternatives. Pan resistant isolates with Tigecycline and Colistin resistance are also on the rise. In India, only a few reports are available regarding the prevalence of pan resistant strains. [1],[2] This study was designed to determine the prevalence of pan resistant isolates by using the E-test based minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) detection method.
A total of 104 non-duplicate Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumanii complex species isolated from various clinical samples were included in the study. Species identification was confirmed by using the standard laboratory methods. [3] Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hilton agar. All the Imipenem resistant isolates were further tested for Tigecycline and Colistin susceptibility by determining the MIC using the E-strips (Hi media). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute clinical breakpoints were applied for Colistin, to determine the resistance (S ≤2 and R ≥4 μg/ml) and for Tigecycline break points were adopted as recommended by the other authors (S ≤2 and R ≥8 μg/ml). [4],[5] Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia More Details coli ATCC 25922 were used as control strains.
Among 104 Acinetobacter isolates, 44 (42.3%) isolates were resistant to Imipenem. In these 44 isolates, 18 isolates (41%) were resistant to Tigecycline and seven isolates (16%) were resistant to Colistin. MIC of Tigecycline in the resistant isolates was ranging from 8 μg/ml to >256 μg/ml. The seven isolates which were resistant to Colistin showed the MIC in the range of 6 μg/ml-12 μg/ml [Figure 1]. All these seven Colistin resistant isolates had the Tigecycline MIC more than 256 μg/ml [Figure 2]. | Figure 1: Acinetobacter with Colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) 12 mcg/ml
Click here to view |
In total, out of 104 only 7 (6.7%) isolates were pan resistant. When considering the Imipenem resistant isolates, the pan resistant percentage was 16% (7/44). Our results correlate well with the study by Taneja et al. [1] where 3.5% of total isolates and 16% of carbapenem-resistant isolates were pan drug resistant. Whereas in our study, the isolates showed only a marginal rise of Colistin MICs up to a maximum of 12 μg/ml, their study showed the MICs as high as 256 μg/ml.
To conclude, carbapenem resistance is a very commonly observed phenomenon among acinetobacter isolates, for which the only remaining therapeutic options being Tigecycline and Colistin. Development of resistance to these alternatives is also not uncommon. The present study shows that the prevalence of pan resistance in acinetobacter is still not very high in India with a majority of the isolates being susceptible to Colistin with only marginally high MICs, however, the increasing Tigecycline resistance with very high MICs is of concern.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Taneja N, Singh G, Singh M, Sharma M. Emergence of Tigecycline & Colistin resistant Acinetobacter baumanii in patients with complicated urinary tract infections in North India. Indian J Med Res 2011;133:681-4.  [ PUBMED]  |
| 2. | Najotra DK, Slathia P, Kumar N, Digra SK. The in vitro activity of Tigecycline against the multidrug resistant Acinetobacter spp. at a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Diagn Res 2012;6:1184-7. |
| 3. | Schreckenberger PC, Daneshvar MI, Weyant RS, Hollis DG. Acinetobacter, Achromobacter, Chryseobacterium, Moraxella and other nonfermentative Gram-negative rods. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA, editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Vol. 9. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 2007. p. 770-802. |
| 4. | Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: Twenty-third informational supplement M100-S23. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2013. p. 66-7. |
| 5. | Jones RN, Ferraro MJ, Reller LB, Schreckenberger PC, Swenson JM, Sader HS. Multicenter studies of Tigecycline disk diffusion susceptibility results for Acinetobacter spp. J Clin Microbiol 2007;45:227-30. |
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
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