| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2017 | Volume
: 19
| Issue : 1 | Page : 42-46 |
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Hepatitis B vaccination - immune response and persistence of protection in susceptible population
Nasha Kollathodi, Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth, Kalpana George, Mini Palathingal Narayanan, Shabina Methele Pangat Balakrishnan, Sarada Devi Karunakaran LelithaBai
Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Correspondence Address:
Nasha Kollathodi
Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jacm.jacm_63_16
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Background: Hepatitis B vaccine confers long-term protection, and anti-HBs titre is a marker for protective immune response. The evaluation of immune status following vaccination is important in susceptible individuals as up to 10% immunised individuals tend to be non-responders who continue to be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B.
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the immune response and persistence of protective antibody levels after basic course of hepatitis B vaccination in susceptible individuals and to determine the factors affecting it.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 400 susceptible participants who were tested for anti-HBs by quantitative ELISA at a tertiary care centre in North Kerala for a period of 1 year. The study population included healthcare workers and medical students divided into Category I: those vaccinated with 0-1-6 schedule within the past six months and Category II: beyond six months but within 10 years. Individuals who have taken booster doses were excluded from the study.
Results: 97.75% showed adequate anti-HBs levels (≥10 mIU/ml) after basic course of immunisation. Category I showed 99% response and Category II showed 96.5%. On giving one additional booster, the remaining 2.25% also responded. No non-responders were detected. 80.4% participants in the 10–20 age group showed anti-HBs >1000 mIU/ml, whereas only 25% participants in the 51–60 age group showed such high response. 97.9% males and 97.7% females had adequate response. Diabetic patients (66.7% vs. 98%) and smokers (66.7% vs. 98.2%) had a lower response (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Protective immune response was achieved in all participants after an additional dose in indicated individuals. There is a decline in antibody levels with time, but a good immunological memory persists up to 10 years after vaccination. Vaccine response is adversely affected by advancing age, smoking and diabetes. |
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